| Aug. 17, 
        1945: | Soekarno 
      and Hatta proclaim Indonesia's independence; independence war against Japan, 
      followed Britain and Holland begins. Soekarno declared President and Hatta 
      declared Vice President. | 
   
    | 1949: | Dutch 
      accept Indonesia's independence. | 
   
    | 1950's: | The 
      Islamic State of Indonesia proclaimed, and then crushed by the Republic 
      of Indonesia. The Revolutionary Government of the Republic of Indonesia 
      (supported by the CIA) proclaimed, and then crushed by the Republic of Indonesia. | 
   
    | 1955: | First 
      free general elections. Indonesians elect Members of Parliament who then 
      elect the President and Vice President; Soekarno and Hatta elected President 
      and Vice President. | 
   
    | 1963: | War 
      with Dutch over West Papua (Irian Jaya), Indonesia wins. | 
   
    | 1965: | On 
      September 30, 1965, a failed coup d'etat results in a decentralized eradication 
      of the world's largest communist party outside of China. Between 1 - 2 million 
      people slaughtered by the Army and Muslim Youth Groups and the Nationalists 
      over the following few years. | 
   
    | 1966: | Soekarno 
      put under house arrest, Suharto steps in as leader. | 
   
    | 1967: | Parliament 
      makes General Suharto President, forms New Order Government. | 
   
    | 1971: | First 
      rigged elections in which GOLKAR wins a majority. The start of the "floating 
      mass" political concept, meaning that "the people" are alienated from politics. 
      Similarly rigged elections will happen every 5 years. | 
   
    | 1974: | Riots 
      in Jakarta started by undercover intelligence agents at student demonstrations 
      lead to media bans and prison for activists. | 
   
    | 1975: | Indonesia 
      invades and brutally occupies East Timor with President Ford and Secretary 
      of State Kissinger's blessing. | 
   
    | 1978: | Law 
      passed outlawing political activity on university campuses. | 
   
    | 1981: | Anti 
      Chinese riots in Solo, Central Java. Solo badly burned. | 
   
    | 1984: | Massacre 
      of 100 - 400 Muslim demonstrators in Tanjung Priok, Jakarta. | 
   
    | 1983 
      - 86: | Mysterious 
      killings of petty criminals. Corpses dumped in public places. General Suharto 
      takes responsibility and explains it as "shock therapy" to cut crime. | 
   
    | 1989: | A 
      dam dispossesses farmers in Central Java sparking protests. | 
   
    | 1994: | Crack 
      down on the media: TEMPO, EDITOR, & DETIK magazines banned. | 
   
    | 1996 
      - 98: | Ethnic 
      tension in Sambas, West Kalimantan. War between Dayak and Malay versus Madurese. | 
   
    | 1997: | Currency 
      crisis leads to political unrest and demonstrations across the country. | 
   
    | May 
      20, 1998: | Riots 
      force President Suharto to resign and Habibie becomes President. | 
   
    | Nov. 
      1998: | Students 
      shot dead in demonstrations against Habibie at Semanggi (the clover road 
      along Jalan Sudirman), Jakarta. | 
   
    | 1998 
      - 1999: | The 
      Aceh Freedom Fighters step up activity. Indonesian army massacres villagers 
      in Aceh every now and then. Continued unrest in East Timor, Irian Jaya, 
      West Kalimantan, East Kalimantan, Riau. | 
   
    | 1999: | Tensions 
      between Muslims and Christians escalate into episodic riots in Ambon. | 
   
    | June 
      7, 1999: | First 
      free elections since 1955, Megawati Soekarnoputri's party (PDIP) wins, but 
      she might not become President... possible national disintegration or civil 
      war loom ahead. | 
   
    | Aug. 
      30, 1999 | Voters 
        of East Timor cast ballots in a U.N. organized referendum expected to 
        set the territory on a path to independence from Indonesia. | 
   
    | Sept. 
      4, 1999 | East 
        Timorese voters overwhelmingly chose independence. | 
   
    | Sept. 
      6, 1999 | Pro-Indonesian 
        militias stepped up their terror campaign against supporters of independence. | 
   
    | 
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